Source: Adapted from Terry Keleher, Applied Research Center, and Racial Equity Tools by OneTILT These systems give privileges to white people resulting in disadvantages to people of color.Įxample: Stereotypes of people of color as criminals in mainstream movies and media. Structural racism is the overarching system of racial bias across institutions and society.Institutional racism occurs in organizations These are race-based policies and practices that give unfair advantages to whites over people of color.These institutional policies often never mention any racial group, but the intent is to create advantages.Įxample: A school system where students of color are more frequently distributed into the most crowded classrooms and underfunded schools and out of the highest-resourced schools.Interpersonal racism occurs between individuals and includes public expressions of racism, often involving slurs, biases, hateful words or actions, or exclusion.cultural narrative about racism typically focuses on individual racism and fails to recognize systemic racism.Įxamples include believing in the superiority of white people, not hiring a person of color because “something doesn’t feel right,” or telling a racist joke. Individual racism refers to the beliefs, attitudes, and actions of individuals that support or perpetuate racism in conscious and unconscious ways.
The critical variable in racism is the impact (outcomes) not the intent and operates at multiple levels including individual racism, interpersonal racism, institutional racism, and structural racism. Racism is a system of advantage based on race that involves systems and institutions, not just individual mindsets and actions. It can be intentional, clear and direct or it can be expressed in more subtle ways that the perpetrator might not even be aware of. Racism, like smog, swirls around us and permeates American society. RACISM = Racial Prejudice (Unfounded Beliefs + Irrational Fear) + Institutional Power It includes feelings of confusion and often introspection, as well as moments of celebration of self and others. You may begin at any point on this chart and move in any direction – sometimes on the same day! Recognizing the station you are in helps you understand who you are. During this process, people move between a desire to "fit in" to dominant norms, to a questioning of one's own identity and that of others. Your personal experiences, family, community, workplaces, the aging process, and political and social events – all play a role in understanding our own racial identity.
Think of these categories of Racial Identity Development as stations along a journey of the continual evolution of your racial identity. While these patterns help us understand the link between race and identity, creating one’s racial identity is a fluid and nonlinear process that varies for every person and group. Many sociologists and psychologists have identified that there are similar patterns every individual goes through when recognizing their racial identity. Learn more about race as it relates to human genetics In the Teaching Tolerance report, “Race Does Not Equal DNA” The tragedy in the United States has been that the policies and practices stemming from this worldview succeeded all too well in constructing unequal populations among Europeans, Native Americans, and peoples of African descent." To understand more about race as a social construct in the United States, read the AAPA statement on race and racism. Societies use race to establish and justify systems of power, privilege, disenfranchisement, and oppression.Īmerican Anthropological Association states that "the 'racial' worldview was invented to assign some groups to perpetual low status, while others were permitted access to privilege, power, and wealth. Although race has no genetic or scientific basis, the concept of race is important and consequential.
#RACIAL UNITY DEFINITION SKIN#
It is important to acknowledge race is a social fabrication, created to classify people on the arbitrary basis of skin color and other physical features. The dictionary’s definition of race is incomplete and misses the complexity of impact on lived experiences. And, in a racialized society like the United States, everyone is assigned a racial identity whether they are aware of it or not. The scientific consensus is that race, in this sense, has no biological basis – we are all one race, the human race. The notion of race is a social construct designed to divide people into groups ranked as superior and inferior. Each of the major groupings into which humankind is considered (in various theories or contexts) to be divided on the basis of physical characteristics or shared ancestry.
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